Search results for "weak [Gravitational lensing]"

showing 10 items of 636 documents

Host-Guest Complexes of C-Ethyl-2-methylresorcinarene and Aromatic N,N′-Dioxides

2017

The C‐ethyl‐2‐methylresorcinarene (1) forms 1:1 in‐cavity complexes with aromatic N,N′‐dioxides, only if each of the aromatic rings has an N−O group. The structurally different C‐shaped 2,2′‐bipyridine N,N′‐dioxide (2,2′‐BiPyNO) and the linear rod‐shaped 4,4′‐bipyridine N,N′‐dioxide (4,4′‐BiPyNO) both form 1:1 in‐cavity complexes with the host resorcinarene in C4v crown and C2v conformations, respectively. In the solid state, the host–guest interactions between the 1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl)propane N,N′‐dioxide (BiPyPNO) and the host 1 stabilize the unfavorable anti‐gauche conformation. Contrary to the N,N′‐dioxide guests, the mono‐N‐oxide guest, 4‐phenylpyridine N‐oxide (4PhPyNO), does not form an…

HydrogenStereochemistrySupramolecular chemistryNN′-dioxideschemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryBipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundN′-dioxidessupramolekulaarinen kemiaConformationWeak interactionsta116ta114Resorcinarenes010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondAromaticityGeneral ChemistryResorcinareneN0104 chemical scienceschemistryDeuteriumMethanolSupramolecular chemistry
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Minimal noncanonical cosmologies

2006

We demonstrate how much it is possible to deviate from the standard cosmological paradigm of inflation-assisted LambdaCDM, keeping within current observational constraints, and without adding to or modifying any theoretical assumptions. We show that within a minimal framework there are many new possibilities, some of them wildly different from the standard picture. We present three illustrative examples of new models, described phenomenologically by a noncanonical scalar field coupled to radiation and matter. These models have interesting implications for inflation, quintessence, reheating, electroweak baryogenesis, and the relic densities of WIMPs and other exotics.

Inflation (cosmology)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectroweak interactionAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesFísicaAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsBaryogenesisTheoretical physicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyScalar fieldQuintessence
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2017

We show that the dynamics of the Higgs field during inflation is not affected by metric fluctuations if the Higgs is an energetically subdominant light spectator. For Standard Model parameters we find that couplings between Higgs and metric fluctuations are suppressed by $\mathcal{O}(10^{-7})$. They are negligible compared to both pure Higgs terms in the effective potential and the unavoidable non-minimal Higgs coupling to background scalar curvature. The question of the electroweak vacuum instability during high energy scale inflation can therefore be studied consistently using the Jordan frame action in a Friedmann--Lemaitre--Robertson--Walker metric, where the Higgs-curvature coupling en…

Inflation (cosmology)PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectroweak interactionScalar (mathematics)Astronomy and Astrophysics01 natural sciencesStandard ModelGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHiggs field0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)Higgs bosonHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsScalar curvatureJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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On the convergence of fixed point iterations for the moving geometry in a fluid-structure interaction problem

2019

In this paper a fluid-structure interaction problem for the incompressible Newtonian fluid is studied. We prove the convergence of an iterative process with respect to the computational domain geometry. In our previous works on numerical approximation of similar problems we refer this approach as the global iterative method. This iterative approach can be understood as a linearization of the so-called geometric nonlinearity of the underlying model. The proof of the convergence is based on the Banach fixed point argument, where the contractivity of the corresponding mapping is shown due to the continuous dependence of the weak solution on the given domain deformation. This estimate is obtain…

Iterative and incremental developmentIterative methodBanach fixed-point theoremApplied MathematicsWeak solution010102 general mathematicsGeometryFixed point01 natural sciences35D30 35Q30 74F10 76D05 76D03Domain (mathematical analysis)010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Analysis of PDEsLinearizationConvergence (routing)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Mathematics
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A new proof for the equivalence of weak and viscosity solutions for the p-Laplace equation

2011

In this paper, we give a new proof for the fact that the distributional weak solutions and the viscosity solutions of the $p$-Laplace equation $-\diver(\abs{Du}^{p-2}Du)=0$ coincide. Our proof is more direct and transparent than the original one by Juutinen, Lindqvist and Manfredi \cite{jlm}, which relied on the full uniqueness machinery of the theory of viscosity solutions. We establish a similar result also for the solutions of the non-homogeneous version of the $p$-Laplace equation.

Laplace's equationApplied MathematicsWeak solution010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: MathematicsUniqueness0101 mathematicsEquivalence (measure theory)AnalysisMathematicsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Comm. in PDEs, vol.37
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Quantitative uniqueness estimates for pp-Laplace type equations in the plane

2016

Abstract In this article our main concern is to prove the quantitative unique estimates for the p -Laplace equation, 1 p ∞ , with a locally Lipschitz drift in the plane. To be more precise, let u ∈ W l o c 1 , p ( R 2 ) be a nontrivial weak solution to div ( | ∇ u | p − 2 ∇ u ) + W ⋅ ( | ∇ u | p − 2 ∇ u ) = 0  in  R 2 , where W is a locally Lipschitz real vector satisfying ‖ W ‖ L q ( R 2 ) ≤ M for q ≥ max { p , 2 } . Assume that u satisfies certain a priori assumption at 0. For q > max { p , 2 } or q = p > 2 , if ‖ u ‖ L ∞ ( R 2 ) ≤ C 0 , then u satisfies the following asymptotic estimates at R ≫ 1 inf | z 0 | = R sup | z − z 0 | 1 | u ( z ) | ≥ e − C R 1 − 2 q log R , where C > 0 depends …

Laplace's equationLaplace transformPlane (geometry)Applied MathematicsWeak solution010102 general mathematicsta111Type (model theory)Lipschitz continuity01 natural sciencesBeltrami equation010101 applied mathematicsCombinatoricspp-Laplace equationBeltrami equationstrong unique continuation principleUniqueness0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematicsNonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods and Applications
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Dynamic Ordering of Firewall Rules Using a Novel Swapping Window-based Paradigm

2016

Designing and implementing efficient firewall strategies in the age of the Internet of Things (IoT) is far from trivial. This is because, as time proceeds, an increasing number of devices will be connected, accessed and controlled on the Internet. Additionally, an ever-increasingly amount of sensitive information will be stored on various networks. A good and effi- cient firewall strategy will attempt to secure this information, and to also manage the large amount of inevitable network traffic that these devices create. The goal of this paper is to propose a framework for designing optimized firewalls for the IoT. This paper deals with two fundamental challenges/problems encountered in such…

Learning automataComputer sciencebusiness.industryDistributed computingSuiteEstimator020206 networking & telecommunicationsLearning Automata02 engineering and technologyFirewall OptimizationNon-Stationary EnvironmentsInformation sensitivityFirewall (construction)Batch UpdateMatching time0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRule matchingThe InternetWeak EstimatorsInternet of Thingsbusiness
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Compact embeddings and indefinite semilinear elliptic problems

2002

Our purpose is to find positive solutions $u \in D^{1,2}(\rz^N)$ of the semilinear elliptic problem $-\laplace u = h(x) u^{p-1}$ for $2<p$. The function $h$ may have an indefinite sign. Key ingredients are a $h$-dependent concentration-compactness Lemma and a characterization of compact embeddings of $D^{1,2}(\rz^N)$ into weighted Lebesgue spaces.

Lemma (mathematics)Pure mathematicsLaplace transformFunction spaceApplied MathematicsWeak solutionMathematical analysisFunction (mathematics)Functional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisElliptic curveMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: Mathematics35J65 35D05Lp spaceAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Sign (mathematics)Mathematics
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Strength and weakness of the Old English adjective

2021

Abstract As regards Old English, the inflectional strength and weakness are characterised by a kind of inconsistency. In the case of Old English adjectives these two inflectional properties appear to be different from those associated with nouns and verbs. In the case of the latter the two properties seem to be lexically determined while in the case of adjectives they appear to be determined by syntactic conditions. The traditional accounts of the Old English grammar attribute two paradigms to one adjectival lexical item. The analysis presented in this article postulates that one can actually speak about one adjectival inflection and what is traditionally presented as strong and weak adject…

Linguistics and LanguageHistoryLiterature and Literary Theorystrong inflectionOld EnglishLanguage and Linguisticslanguage.human_languageadjectiveDevelopmental psychologyweak inflectionLexical ItemOld EnglishlanguageAdjectiveStrengths and weaknesses
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Neuroprotective effect of Fn14 deficiency is associated with induction of the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) pathway in experimental s…

2010

Using a transgenic mouse model of ischemic stroke we checked for a possible interaction of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) which often cause thromboses as well as central nervous system (CNS) involvement under non-thrombotic conditions and the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway known to be adversely involved in inflammatory and ischemic brain disease. After 7 days, infarct volumes were reduced in Fn14 deficient mice and were further decreased by aPL treatment. This was associated with strongest increase of the endogenous neuroprotective G-CSF/G-CSF receptor system. This unexpected beneficial action of aPL is an example for a non-thrombogenic action and the double-edged nature of aPL.

MaleGenetically modified mouseImmunologyMice TransgenicBiologyNeuroprotectionReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorBrain IschemiaMiceRandom AllocationTissue factorimmune system diseasesAntiphospholipid syndromeGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactormedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyneoplasmsStrokeLupus anticoagulantmedicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalNeurologyTWEAK ReceptorReceptors Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorImmunologyAntibodies AntiphospholipidTumor necrosis factor alphaNeurology (clinical)Inflammation MediatorsGranulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptorSignal TransductionJournal of Neuroimmunology
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